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1.
Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Säo Paulo ; 55(2): 101-104, Mar-Apr/2013. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-668858

ABSTRACT

The diagnosis of asymptomatic infection with Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi has become more important over recent years. Expansion of visceral leishmaniasis might be associated with other routes of transmission such as transfusion, congenital or even vector transmission, and subjects with asymptomatic infection are potential reservoirs. Moreover, the identification of infection may contribute to the management of patients with immunosuppressive conditions (HIV, transplants, use of immunomodulators) and to the assessment of the effectiveness of control measures. In this study, 149 subjects living in a visceral leishmaniasis endemic area were evaluated clinically and submitted to genus-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR), serological testing, and the Montenegro skin test. Forty-nine (32.9%) of the subjects had a positive PCR result and none of them developed the disease within a follow-up period of three years. No association was observed between the results of PCR, serological and skin tests. A positive PCR result in subjects from the endemic area did not indicate a risk of progression to visceral leishmaniasis and was not associated with a positive result in the serological tests.


O diagnóstico de infecção assintomática por Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi tem assumido crescente importância nos últimos anos. A expansão da leishmaniose visceral pode estar associada a outras vias de transmissão tais como transfusional, congênita, ou mesmo vetorial, sendo os indivíduos com infecção assintomática, potenciais reservatórios. Ademais, a identificação da infecção poderia auxiliar na condução dos pacientes com condições de imunossupressão (HIV, transplante, uso de imunomoduladores) e na avaliação da efetividade das medidas de controle. Neste estudo, foram avaliados clinicamente 149 indivíduos residentes em área endêmica de leishmaniose visceral e realizada a reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) gênero-específica, testes sorológicos e teste de Montenegro. Destes, 49 (32,9%) apresentaram PCR positiva, dos quais nenhum evoluiu com clínica de leishmaniose visceral nos três anos subsequentes. Não houve associação entre o resultado da PCR, dos exames sorológicos e do teste cutâneo. A positividade da PCR em indivíduos da área endêmica estudada não indicou risco de progressão para leishmaniose visceral e também não foi associada à maior positividade dos testes sorológicos.


Subject(s)
Humans , DNA, Protozoan/genetics , Endemic Diseases , Leishmaniasis, Visceral/diagnosis , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Brazil/epidemiology , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Leishmaniasis, Visceral/epidemiology , Reproducibility of Results , Skin Tests
2.
Rio de Janeiro; s.n; 2009. 2 v p. ilus, tab, graf.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-554144

ABSTRACT

No mundo moderno e globalizado em que vivemos atualmente, objeto de profundas e aceleradas transformações tanto políticas, sociais quanto econômicas, estratégias diferenciadas e criativas para elevar a qualidade de seus produtos e serviços têm sido adotadas regularmente. Para atingir este patamar de transformações com oportunidades estratégicas, é preciso iniciar um programa que promova a implantação de novas formas de gestão da organização, baseado no controle da qualidade e na educação continuada, no sentido de enfrentar novos desafios e provocar mudanças, principalmente cultural das pessoas envolvidas no processo. Baseado nestas exigências, o Laboratório de Epidemiologia Molecular de Doenças Infecciosas (LEMDI), do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC) – Fiocruz se propôs a buscar um certificado de acreditação, com a implantação de um sistema da qualidade, para mostrar credibilidade e confiabilidade de seus resultados, melhorando o desempenho de suas atividades e aumentando as expectativas de seus clientes internos e externos. Escolheu a norma PALC (Programa de Acreditação de Laboratórios Clínicos) da SBPC/ML (Sociedade Brasileira de Patologia Clínica - Medicina Laboratorial) por suas regras de abordagem mais técnica e menos processual, o que condiz melhor com a realidade de um laboratório de pesquisa, uma vez que até o presente momento não existe norma específica para acreditação de laboratórios de pesquisas. A metodologia utilizada nesta dissertação foi a de auditorias internas sucessivas para avaliar os requisitos da norma PALC aplicáveis à realidade de um laboratório de pesquisas e a elaboração de plano de ação para acompanhar o avanço da implementação do processo e corrigir as não-conformidades...


In modern and globalized world in which we live today, that is an object ofprofound and accelerated political, social and economic changes, diverse and creative strategies to raise the quality of its products and services have been taken regularly. To achieve this level of change along with strategic opportunities, we must begin a program that promotes the development of new ways in managing the organization. Theground work features are quality control and ongoing education programs that meet new challenges and lead cultural changes particularly to the people involved in such process. Based on these requirements, the Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases (LEMDI), at the Oswaldo Cruz Institute (IOC) – Fiocruz proposed to apply for accreditation and started to implement a quality system in order to show credibility and reliability of its results. This could definitely bring improvements to the laboratory activity performance and increase the expectations of its internal and externalcustomers. LEMDI has chosen the Clinical Laboratory Accreditation Program (PALC) norm from the Brazilian Society for Clinical Pathology/Laboratory Medicine (SBPC /ML) as a reference because it contains more technical and less procedural approach rules. Moreover, this methodology meets better with the reality of research laboratories. Hitherto, there is no specific standard for accreditation of such type of laboratory. The methodology used in this thesis involves successive internal audits to assess the requirements of the standard PALC norm applicable to the reality of a research laboratory. It also addresses the development of an action plan to monitor the implementation progress of the series of actions (changes) and correct the nonconformities...


Subject(s)
Accreditation , Governmental Research Institutes , Total Quality Management , Laboratories
3.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 92(6): 811-4, Nov.-Dec. 1997. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-197221

ABSTRACT

Clone CL Brener is the reference organism used in the Trypanosma cruzi Genome Project. Some biological paramenters of CL Brener were determined: (a) the doubling time of epimastigote forms cultured in liver infusion-tryptose (LIT) medium at 28ºC is 58ñ13 hr; (b) differentiation of epimastigotes to metacyclic trypomastigotes is obtained by incubation in LIT-20 per cent Grace's medium; (c) trypomastigotes infect mammalian cultured cells and perform the complete intracellular cycle at 33 and 37ºC; (c) blood forms are highly infective to mice; (e) blood forms are susceptible to nifurtimox and benznidazole. The molecular typing of CL Brener has been determined: (a) isoenzymatic profiles are characteristic of zymodeme ZB; (b) PCR amplification of a 24 alpha ribosomal RNA sequence indicates it belongs to T. cruzi lineage 1; (c) schizodeme, randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and DNA fingerprinting analyses were performed.


Subject(s)
Animals , Clone Cells/microbiology , Trypanosoma cruzi/genetics , Genome, Protozoan
5.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 85(1): 101-6, jan.-mar. 1990. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-85176

ABSTRACT

A simple protocol is described for the silver staining of polyacrylamide gradient gels used for the separation of restriction fragments of kinetoplast DNA [schizodeme analysis of trypanosomatids (Morel et al., 1980)]. The method overcomes the problems of non-uniform staining and strong background color which are frequently encountered when conventional protocols for silver staining of linear gels. The method described has proven to be of general applicability for DNA, RNA and protein separations in gradient gels


Subject(s)
DNA/analysis , Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel , Staining and Labeling/metabolism , Trypanosomatina/classification , Trypanosomatina/genetics
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